Surveying

1.Fundamental Concepts of Surveying Introduction Plane Surveying Geodetic Surveying Scales Error Due to use of wrong scale Error Due to InCorrect Length of chain or tape Most Probable Value 2.Linear Mesurements Tape Corrections Limiting Length of offset

3.Compass Surveying and theodolite Important terms Designation of Bearing 4.Transverse Surveying Latitude and Departure Independent co-ordinate Closing Error Adjustment of closing error Balancing the trasverse Bowditch method Transit method Axis method 5.Levelling Defination Reduced level Bench mark Back Sight Fore Sight Intermediate Sight Height of instrument Arithmetic Check Reciprocal levelling Curvature Correction Refraction Correction Combine Correction Due to curvature and refraction Distance of visible horizon Sensitiveness of bubble tube Countring 6.Calculation of Area and volume Genral method of computing area Volume mesurement 7.Tacheometric,curve and hydrographic surveying Stadia method Curve Hydrographic Surveying 8.The tides Defination Assumption made by equilibrium theory of tides Vulgar Establishment 9.Triangulation Defination Signal and tower Routine of Trigulation Survey Intervisibility and Height of stations 10.Field Astronomy Relationship between Coordinates Terrestrial Latitude and Longitude Nautical Mile Sperical Triangle Different Position of star w.r.t Observer 11.Photogrammetric Surveying Scale of vertical photograph Scale of tilted photograph Overlap in Photographs Number of photograph to cover given area Photogrammetry Terresterial photogrammetry Aerial Photogrametry Photo theodolite Horizontal and verical angles from terrestrial photograph Elevation of a point by phographic mesurement Aerial Photogrammetry Important Definations Relation between principle point,plumb point and isocenter Scale of a vertical photograph Different scale Relief Displacement