May 1, 20201 min

Surveying

1.Fundamental Concepts of Surveying
 
Introduction
 
Plane Surveying
 
Geodetic Surveying
 
Scales
 
Error Due to use of wrong scale
 
Error Due to InCorrect Length of chain or tape
 
Most Probable Value
 

 
2.Linear Mesurements
 
Tape Corrections
 
Limiting Length of offset


 
3.Compass Surveying and theodolite
 
Important terms
 
Designation of Bearing
 

 
4.Transverse Surveying
 
Latitude and Departure
 
Independent co-ordinate
 
Closing Error
 
Adjustment of closing error
 
Balancing the trasverse
 
Bowditch method
 
Transit method
 
Axis method
 

 
5.Levelling
 
Defination
 
Reduced level
 
Bench mark
 
Back Sight
 
Fore Sight
 
Intermediate Sight
 
Height of instrument
 
Arithmetic Check
 
Reciprocal levelling
 
Curvature Correction
 
Refraction Correction
 
Combine Correction Due to curvature and refraction
 
Distance of visible horizon
 
Sensitiveness of bubble tube
 
Countring
 

 
6.Calculation of Area and volume
 
Genral method of computing area
 
Volume mesurement
 

 
7.Tacheometric,curve and hydrographic surveying
 
Stadia method
 
Curve
 
Hydrographic Surveying
 

 
8.The tides
 
Defination
 
Assumption made by equilibrium theory of tides
 
Vulgar Establishment
 

 
9.Triangulation
 
Defination
 
Signal and tower
 
Routine of Trigulation Survey
 
Intervisibility and Height of stations
 

 
10.Field Astronomy
 
Relationship between Coordinates
 
Terrestrial Latitude and Longitude
 
Nautical Mile
 
Sperical Triangle
 
Different Position of star w.r.t Observer
 

 
11.Photogrammetric Surveying
 
Scale of vertical photograph
 
Scale of tilted photograph
 
Overlap in Photographs
 
Number of photograph to cover given area
 
Photogrammetry
 
Terresterial photogrammetry
 
Aerial Photogrametry
 
Photo theodolite
 
Horizontal and verical angles from terrestrial photograph
 
Elevation of a point by phographic mesurement
 
Aerial Photogrammetry
 
Important Definations
 
Relation between principle point,plumb point and isocenter
 
Scale of a vertical photograph
 
Different scale
 
Relief Displacement
 

 

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